PART 1: Script of Television Program (second half
PART 2: Subscribing & Unsubscribing: How to do it!

Here is the draft script of the television program. It is continued
from LFM #31a.

15) MESSENGERS FROM MARS / VTR (04:30)          RT 39:45

segment graphic: MARS ON EARTH?


15A) MARVELOUS MARS #4 / VTR (00:30)           RT

RED PLANET RISKS!

Getting to Mars is risky. Since 1960, America and Russia have
launched 29 spacecraft to Mars... but only 8 have returned useful
data.

Some talk about a "Great Galactic Ghoul", waiting out there to gobble
up craft like America's Global Observer, lost in 1993.

So... GOOD LUCK and Bon Voyage to Mars Pathfinder and Global
Surveyor, and the men and women who control them...

CAMILLE:
DONNA, A QUICK QUESTION BEFORE WE BEGIN TO LOOK AT
GLOBAL SURVEYOR... IF WE'RE LUCKY ENOUGH TO FIND
CHUNKS OF MARS DOWN HERE ON EARTH, WHY DO WE NEED
TO SEND SPACECRAFT TO THE RED PLANET ANYWAY?

DONNA
answers...

16) MGS MATH / VTR (05:00)                                      RT 44:45

CAMILLE leads to MGS Math.
WE'VE BEEN LOOKING AT MARS PATHFINDER QUITE A LOT
TODAY, WHICH IS OKAY -- SINCE IT GETS TO MARS FIRST... BUT
IT'S BY NO MEANS THE ONLY MARS MISSION...

to tape!!!
MARS GLOBAL SURVEYOR WON'T ARRIVE TILL SEPTEMBER AND
ITS BEST SCIENCE WON'T EVEN START COMING BACK TILL SPRING
1998... BUT HOW IT GETS TO MARS ILLUSTRATES THE MATH AND
PHYSICS OF ROCKET SCIENCE.

WAYNE LEE:
Cruising between the planets is not an easy task. It involves using
the laws of physics namely those derived by Newton and Kepler over
400 years ago. These laws govern how s/c and planets move arond
the sun. Now I know this sounds really complicated, but I can show
you what's happening in a simplified way.

The s/c MGS is here at the time of launch. Notice that Mars is here at
the time of launch. Because Mars is a moving target we have to
follow this green path around the sun and intercept Mars right about
here.

Today, April 24, we're here at this red star, 41 million kms from
reaching Mars. Now let me show you a CU view of what happens when
we get to Mars, right here.

Now this view that we are seeing here shows you what happens
during the last 20 minutes. We follow this blue line here over the
North Pole of Mars, and our ultimate goal is to aim for a point right
here. It's our point of closest approach, and it will occur on
September 12, and we'll be three hundred kms above the Martian
surface.

How tough is it to do this? Imagine sinking a free throw from LA and
hitting a moving basket all the way in New York. Now that's a really
tough throw!!!

THESE ARE THE PEOPLE WHO HAVE TO MAKE THAT COSMIC THREE-
POINTER HAPPEN, THE NAVIGATION TEAM.

HEADED BY PAT ESPOSITO, THEY HAVE BACKGROUNDS IN PHYSICS,
ENGINEERING, AND -- OF COURSE -- MATH.

SOME OF THEM WROTE THE GLOBAL SURVEYOR MISSION PLAN YEARS
AGO...

OTHERS JOINED MORE RECENTLY. ALL HAVE TO USE THEIR MATH
>AND< THEIR IMAGINATIONS TO REACH OUT MILLIONS OF
KILOMETERS INTO SPACE TO FIGURE OUT -- FIRST JUST WHERE THE
SPACECRAFT IS... AND THEN -- HOW TO CHANGE ITS SPEED AND
DIRECTION TO GET IT WHERE THEY >WANT< IT TO BE.

JUST LIKE TRAFFIC COPS USING RADAR, THEY TRACK CHANGES IN
THE SIGNALS COMING BACK FROM THE SPACECRAFT TO FIGURE OUT
CHANGES IN ACCELERATION.

BUT THESE COSMIC COPS, ALSO HAVE TO ACCOUNT FOR HEAVENLY
PROBLEMS AS THE PRESSURE OF SUNLIGHT ON THE SOLAR
PANELS, AND SMALL INSTABILITIES IN HOW THE SPACECRAFT SPINS.

THEY OFTEN GATHER TO SHARE DATA... AND COMPARE CALCULATIONS,
USING ANY DISCREPANCIES TO COME UP WITH THE BEST POSSIBLE
CALCULATION OF WHERE THEY ARE, AND HOW THEY NEED TO CHANGE
THE SPACECRAFT'S SPEED.

DURING SURVEYOR'S VOYAGE TO MARS, THEY HAVE 4 CHANCES TO
FINE TUNE THEIR COURSE.

WAYNE
Now Mars is far from the Earth, and it is a moving target. So it's
hard to hit Mars on the first try, in fact it's impossible. So our
navigators face a very tough job. It turns out that in the course of
the journey from Earth to Mars there are 4 opportunities to make
Trajectory Correction Maneuvers, and I'll show you where these are.

Each one of these maneuvers involves firing the the spacecraft's
main rocket to slightly change the direction and speed of the s/c.
Now what kind of change are we talking about?

The s/c has a velocity of 55,000 mph around the Sun, and we're
talking about changing the velocity by less than 25 mph, so it's a
very small change, but it makes a big difference at the end. 18:27

THIS WAS THE SCENE AT JPL DURING TCM #2, MARCH 20, 1997.

GLENN CUNNINGHAM, MGS PROJECT MANAGER, GATHERED HIS
TEAM TO AWAIT FIRST EVIDENCE THAT SURVEYOR'S ENGINES HAD
BURNED FOR THE CORRECT TIME, AND THAT A NEW COURSE HAD
BEEN TAKEN.

UNLIKE PATHFINDER, SURVEYOR IS ACTUALLY CONTROLLED BY
LOCKHEED MARTIN ASTRONAUTICS, IN DENVER, COLORADO --
LINKED IN BY AUDIO-CONFERENCE TO JPL.

SURVEYOR ITSELF IS MILLIONS OF KILOMETERS FARTHER OFF IN
SPACE. ITS RADIO SIGNALS TRAVELING AT THE SPEED OF LIGHT,
ALREADY TAKE 2 MINUTES TO REACH EARTH.

DOWN HERE ON EARTH, THEY KNOW WHEN THE BURN >SHOULD<
HAVE HAPPENED. BUT THERE'S NOTHING THEY CAN DO BUT WAIT.

THE EVIDENCE ON THE SCREEN SEEMS GOOD... BUT IRONICALLY IT
TAKES A FAXED PRINTOUT FROM DENVER TO DEMONSTRATE THE
CHANGE IN ACCELERATION THAT WILL TELL THEM "ALL IS WELL."

IN FACT THINGS WENT SO WELL THAT TCM 3 WAS CANCELLED... AS
OF TODAY, APRIL 24, 1997... MGS SEEMS 100% ON COURSE FOR
MARS.

TO LIVE INTERACTION, CAMILLE AND WAYNE.

WAYNE live, with doppler gun (police?) and large s/c model

CAMILLE
WAYNE... WHY DO YOU HAVE THAT RADAR GUN?

WAYNE answers


17) MGS Q&A / LIVE, VTR and e-mail (04:00)              RT 49:45

CAMILLE:
THANKS, WAYNE... AND NOW IT'S TIME FOR QUESTIONS TO YOU
ABOUT HOW BOTH SPACECRAFT USE MATH AND PHYSICS TO
GET TO MARS... AND MORE MARS GLOBAL SURVEYOR...

VTR
I'm wondering... is there a more direct route to Mars than the one
taken? And, if so, why wasn't it taken?

VTR #2:
What kinds of problems do or can occur in the travels of spaceships
to Mars?

CAMILLE:
HERE'S A QUESTION FROM LOS ANGELES...

LAUSD:
How will the pictures be sent back from Mars Global Surveyor? And
how are they translated from data into photographs that we
recognize?

CAMILLE
ONCE MORE, LIVE FROM IOWA!

SIOUX CENTER AUDIO UPLINK QUESTION:
What happens when Mars Global Surveyor is in Mars' shadow and
not receiving solar rays on its solar panels? Is there back-up
power?

CAMILLE:
LA, LET'S HAVE THAT E-MAIL QUESTION...

LA STUDENT reads EMAIL:
Jackie Gebhart,  a fifth grade student from Muncie, Indiana
emails: What type of device do you use to execute the Trajectory
Correction Maneuvers as MGS and MPF are traveling to Mars?

LA STUDENT reads 2nd question:
And this email question comes from the eighth grade classes at
Spring Creek Jr. High in Elko, Nevada: Was it ever determined why the
Global Surveyor's solar array failed to fully deploy? Will this have
any effect on the aero-braking which is to slow the Surveyor's
approach?

CAMILLE:
WE CAN ONLY ANSWER A FEW OF YOUR QUESTIONS DURING
THIS HOUR, BUT ALL OF YOU CAN GET YOUR QUESTIONS
ANSWERED, WHETHER YOU'VE ONLY GOT E-MAIL ACCESS TO
THE INTERNET, OR A DIRECT CONNECTION TO THE WORLD WIDE
WEB.

TO FIND OUT HOW, PLEASE REGISTER FOR OUR ONLINE
NEWSLETTER. SEND E-MAIL TO

AND IN THE BODY OF THE MESSAGE WRITE ONLY
subscribe updates-lfm

18) LFM WEB SITE / LIVE & VTR (01:17)                   RT 51:15
Netscape browser "reads on" the opening page, with the various icons
THE BEST WAY TO KEEP UP TO DATE WITH WHAT'S HAPPENING TO
THE MARS MISSIONS IS VIA THE INTERNET.

What's New section
OUR LIVE FROM MARS SITE IS UNDER "CONTINUOUS CONSTRUCTION"
AND WILL KEEP YOU COOL AND CONNECTED EVEN DURING THE
SUMMER.

Teacher's Lounge, and Guide links
THERE'S AN ONLINE VERSION OF THE TEACHER'S GUIDE, WITH LOTS
OF HANDS-ON ACTIVITIES.

Links to MPF and MGS
THERE ARE LINKS, OF COURSE, TO BOTH MARS MISSIONS OWN HOME
PAGES HERE AT JPL, SO YOU CAN FIND OUT THE LATEST ABOUT
BOTH MISSIONS.

Team logo, and pages
THERE'S THE CHANCE TO MEET SOME OF THE MEN AND WOMEN
WHO OPERATE THE SPACECRAFT.

ONLINE YOU CAN READ "FIELD JOURNALS" AND "BIOGRAPHIES" WHICH
TAKE YOU
BEHIND THE SCENES, WITH ANECDOTES ABOUT
WHAT IT'S LIKE TO WORK ON THESE MISSIONS.

ANY STUDENT CAN SEND A QUESTION VIA RESEARCHER "Q&A" AND
WITHIN A WEEK OR SO, YOU'LL GET AN ANSWER BACK FROM ONE OF
NASA'S EXPERTS.

Featured events, WebChats
THERE'S THE CHANCE TO INTERACT IN REAL TIME WITH MARS
SCIENTISTS, VIA WEB CHAT.

Featured events: PET, etc.
AND AS YOU'VE SEEN, THERE ARE ALSO OPPORTUNITIES FOR
STUDENTS TO COLLABORATE WITH OTHER STUDENTS -- IN
ACTIVITIES LIKE THE "PLANET EXPLORER TOOLKIT"...

discuss-lfm pages
AND FOR TEACHERS TO INTERACT WITH OTHER TEACHERS, AND SHARE
IDEAS.

Links page
ALL THIS PLUS LOTS OF LINKS TO OTHER COOL MARS, NASA AND
SCIENCE SITES!

18A) CAMILLE: LIVE IN MISSION CONTROL (00:??)   RT

WHEW... PRETTY EXCITING!!!

AND WAY, WAY, EXCITING IS WHAT WE HOPE TO EXPERIENCE
VIA TV AND THE INTERNET THIS SUMMER.

THROUGHOUT THIS PROGRAM, WE'VE SEEN WHAT THE
SCIENTISTS WILL BE DOING DOWN HERE AT JPL. BUT WHAT
WILL PATHFINDER BE DOING UP THERE ON MARS?

19) JULY 4TH ON MARS / VTR (01:00) RT 52:15
MPF animation featuring EDL sequence, inc. airbags, etc.)

MPF animation
TRAVELING ON A BALLISTIC TRAJECTORY, PATHFINDER'S ARRIVAL
SHOULD PROCEED ACCORDING TO PLAN AND TIMETABLE.

DURING THE MARTIAN NIGHT, PATHFINDER ARRIVES... ITS BACKSHELL
HITS THE ATMOSPHERE, SLOWS THE SPACECRAFT DOWN THRU
FRICTION, AND BURNS AWAY.

THEN A PARACHUTE DEPLOYS, SLOWING THE SPACECRAFT STILL
MORE.

THEN RETRO-ROCKETS FIRE... THIS JULY 4TH, THERE'LL BE ROCKETS
GLOWING OVER THE RED PLANET!

LASTLY STURDY, KEVLAR-STRENGHTENED AIRBAGS DEPLOY, THE
SPACECRAFT BOUNCES, PERHAPS AS HIGH AS A TEN STORY
BUILDING, AND REBOUNDS OFF ACROSS THE SURFACE, PERHAPS FOR
ANOTHER 20
MINUTES!

ONCE IT SETTLES, PETALS UNFOLD, RIGHTING THE SPACECRAFT NO
MATTER WHICH SIDE IT LANDS ON.

THE LANDERS INSTRUMENTS THEN COME TO LIFE, SENDING A FIRST
BURST OF DATA BACK TO EARTH, SOME TIME AROUND 13:00 HOURS
PACIFIC, SIGNALING THAT THE SPACECRAFT IS ON THE SURFACE
AND OPERATIONAL.

A FEW HOURS LATER, IN THE EARLY EVENING, PACIFIC TIME, THE
FIRST NEW IMAGES FROM MARS SHOULD BEGIN TO ARRIVE...

Sojourner rolls off and around...
AND WE'LL ALL KNOW WHERE WE'VE LANDED... AND WHAT SCENES
SOJOURNER SHOULD BE ABLE TO EXPLORE OVER THE FOLLOWING
DAYS AND WEEKS.

20) JULY 4TH ON EARTH / LIVE & VTR (01:00)              RT 53:15
VHS/Hi-8 video from LFM schools around US show how students and
families can simulate events on Mars

egg drop sequences
DOWN HERE ON EARTH, NASA-TV AND THE NEWS CHANNELS WILL
CARRY THE LATEST ON THE LANDING...

scenes of various schools
BUT MANY SCHOOLS HAVE ALREADY GOTTEN STUDENTS, PARENTS
AND THEIR COMMUNITIES INVOLVED IN SIMULATIONS OF
PATHFINDER'S ARRIVAL.

LAST YEAR, TEACHER FRAN O'ROURKE IN WASHINGTON STATE GOT
HER LOCAL FIRE DEPARTMENT TO LOAN A LADDER TO DROP TEST
PAYLOADS TO SEE IF THEY'D SURVIVE.

THIS YEAR RHONDA TOON'S CLASS IN LAMAR, GEORGIA, MADE
MODEL LANDERS...

HER SCHOOL BORROWED A CHERRY PICKER FROM A LOCAL UTILITY!

SOME STUDENTS WERE SUCCESSFUL...

SOME LOST THEIR PAYLOADS!!!

OUT IN MONTANA TEACHER DETLEF JOHL HAD HIS MIDDLE
STUDENTS GO A FEW STEPS FURTHER.

THEY USED BALLOONS TO SIMULATE PATHFINDER'S AIR BAGS...

WHETHER THE FRAGILE PAYLOADS SURVIVED OR NOT, ALL
PARTICIPANTS  EXPERIENCED THE CHALLENGE OF HIGH VELOCITY
ENCOUNTERS... AND THE FUN OF SEEING WHAT WORKED AND WHAT DID
NOT.

21) ROUND ROBIN Q&A / VTR and e-mail (04:00)    RT 57:15

CAMILLE THROWS QUESTIONS TO ROB, BRIAN, DONNA,
WAYNE... FROM LA KIDS, VTR, E-MAIL...

CAMILLE:
OVER TO WASHINGTON, DC...

What is  the reason for the July 4th landing... why not July 5th or
July 3rd?

DONNA answers...

2ND DC QUESTION
Are you afraid of anything floating around in space hitting and
damaging any of the probes?

WAYNE answers...

CAMILLE:
SOME LAST QUESTIONS FROM OUR LA STUDENTS!

LAUSD:
Why is the Rover only designed to operate for 30 days? Is there any
device built into the Rover to clean dust off the camera lens once it
gets moving or will the images be "dirty?"

ROB answers...

CAMILLE:
ANOTHER E-MAIL QUESTION:
Is the Pathfinder going to explore the volcanoes on Mars?

BRIAN answers...

VTR:
Why are we working on going to Mars and building a space station at
the same time? Shouldn't we concentrate our efforts toward one
thing?

CAMILLE:
WOULDN'YA JUST KNOW THAT QUESTION COMES FROM DC... DONNA,
THAT'S FOR YOU!

DONNA answers...

CAMILLE:
ANOTHER E-MAIL???

LA STUDENT READS EMAIL:
Nikki Bennett, a 9th grader at Allegany-Limestone Central School, in
Allegany, NY asks: When the Pathfinder lands on Mars, it has two
ramps that open up to let the Sojourner Rover roll off.  What would
happen if one of the ramps was blocked by a rock and the other ramp
opened into a crater?  Would the Sojourner be able to right itself if
it rolled over and be able to go down into the crater?

BRIAN answers...

VTR:
How is the bubble which protects the Rover durable enough to hit
Mars at such a fast speed?

RON answers...

What would happen if the homebase was damaged in some way
and what would happen to the Rover?

BRIAN answers...\

What is the one thing you'd say you have to be most careful and most
alert about when conducting these Mars experiments?

WAYNE answers
22) WRAP / LIVE (01:00)                                         RT 58:15
CAMILLE BYES.

WE SAID AT THE BEGINNING THAT IT WAS THE "WEBS, WAVES
AND WIRES" BEING CELEBRATED DURING SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY WEEK THAT MAKE POSSIBLE THIS NEW KIND OF
LEARNING, IN WHICH ALL OF US CAN GET UP CLOSE AND
PERSONAL WITH REAL SCIENCE AND REAL SCIENTISTS...

BUT IT'S NOT JUST ADVANCED TELECOMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY WHICH MAKES THIS POSSIBLE... IT'S THE
RESEARCHERS AND ENGINEERS WHO MAKE TIME TO WRITE
JOURNALS, ANSWER QUESTIONS AND PASS ON SOME OF
THEIR EXCITEMENT.

CAMILLE gestures to the Mars team...

WITHOUT THESE PEOPLE, AND THEIR WILLINGNESS TO SHARE
THEIR LIFE AND WORK, THEIR DREAMS AND HIGH HOPES, THE
INTERNET AND INTERACTIVE TV WOULD JUST BE "WIRES IN A
BOX..."

SO AS WE WRAP UP THIS SIMULATION OF JULY 8TH ON MARS...
AND LOOK FORWARD TO THE CHALLENGE AND HIGH DRAMA OF
THIS COMING JULY 4TH, LET'S HEAR IT FOR THE MEN AND
WOMEN OF NASA, AND THE MARS EXPLORATION DIRECTORATE...

FOR LIVE FROM MARS, I'M CAMILLE MOODY... BYE TO ALL,
THANKS FOR JOINING US... AND STAY COOL AND CONNECTED!

SEE YOU IN JULY... >LIVE --- FROM -- MARS!

23) CREDITS (01:00)                                              RT 59:15

24) UNDERWRITER ANNOUNCE (00:15)                        RT 59:29

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