QUESTION: How many astronauts can you send to Mars at one time? ANSWER from Cheick Diarra on November 20, 1996: For a human mission to Mars, you want to send as few astronauts as you possibly can. The more astronauts you have, the more costly the mission; but there are some essential functions that need to be covered by the crew. These functions include mission engineer, mission medical doctor, mission science officer and so on. During the selection process, it might be good to consider candidates with two or more expertise so they could, in addition to their task, be a back up person for another task.