Arizona Science Standards

The STANDARDS CORRELATION chart suggests which Arizona Science Standards you can cover using PASSPORT TO ANTARCTICA in your classroom. We hope you will discover additional standards you can use. These are the ones our Instructional Materials Development team felt most directly related to the activities contained in PASSPORT TO ANTARCTICA.

For additional Arizona Science Standards you can cover see the STANDARDS CORRELATION chart for the following PASSPORT TO KNOWLEDGE projects:

PASSPORT TO THE RAINFOREST

PASSPORT TO THE SOLAR SYSTEM

PASSPORT TO WEATHER AND CLIMATE

LIVE FROM MARS 2001/2002

PASSPORT TO THE UNIVERSE

Kindergarten,   Grades 1-3,   Grade 4-8,   Grades 9-12,   Honors

READINESS (Kindergarten)

Standard 1: Science As Inquiry Students know and are able to do the following:

1SC-R1. Identify and use safe procedures in all science activities

 

PO 1. Demonstrate safe procedures (e.g., use and care of simple technology, materials and organisms) and behavior in all science inquiry

video
hands-on
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1SC-R2. Ask questions about the natural world (e.g., How do trees grow? Why is the sky blue? Where does rain come from?)

 

PO 1. Formulate questions about objects, organisms, events and relationships in the natural world

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hands-on
online

1SC-R3. Categorize objects, organisms and events in different ways

 

PO 1. Organize (e.g., sort, classify, sequence) objects, organisms and events by different characteristics

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hands-on
online

1SC-R4. State simple hypotheses about cause-and-effect relationships in the environment

 

PO 1. Formulate a question that relates to the environment

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PO 2. Predict the results of an observable cause-and-effect relationship

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hands-on
online

1SC-R5. Perform simple measurements and comparisons

 

PO 1. Perform simple measurements using appropriate devices

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Compare objects according to their measurements

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online

1SC-R6. Communicate observations and comparisons through various means such as pictographs, pictures, models and words

 

PO 1. Describe observations with pictographs, pictures, models and words

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe similarities and differences of observations

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hands-on
online

1SC-R7. Observe and describe changes in a simple system (e.g., a plant terrarium)

 

PO 1. Describe changes observed in a simple system (e.g., ant farm, plant terrarium, aquarium)

video
hands-on
online


Standard 2: History and Nature of Science

2SC-R1. Understand that all people can and do participate in science

 

PO 1. Give examples of how diverse people (e.g. children, weathermen, cooks, healthcare workers, gardeners) participate in science

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Standard 3: Personal and Social Perspectives in Science And Technology

3SC-R2. Use simple technology (e.g., scales, balances, magnifiers, computers)

 

PO 1. Demonstrate the proper use of simple technology

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hands-on
online


Standard 4: Life Science

4SC-R1. Distinguish living from non-living things

 

PO 1. Identify living things

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PO 2. Identify non-living things

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PO 3. Describe differences between living and non-living things

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4SC-R2. Describe the basic needs of living organisms

 

PO 1. Describe the basic needs of living organisms for survival

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hands-on
online

4SC-R3. Recognize and distinguish similarities and differences in diverse species

 

PO 1. Identify observable similarities among diverse species (e.g., number of legs, body coverings, size)

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PO 2. Identify observable differences among diverse species

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PO 3. Compare the observable similarities and differences among diverse species

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online


Standard 5: Physical Science

5SC-R1. Compare objects in terms of common physical properties

 

PO 1. Identify physical properties of objects (e.g., shape, texture, size, color)

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PO 2. Compare objects in terms of physical properties

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online


Standard 6: Earth And Space Science

6SC-R3. Identify how the weather affects daily activities

 

PO 1. Identify basic weather phenomena (e.g., temperature, wind, precipitation)

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hands-on
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PO 2. Explain how weather affects daily activities

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hands-on
online


FOUNDATIONS (Grades 1-3)

Standard 1: Science As Inquiry Students know and are able to do all of the above and the following

1SC-F1. Plan, design, conduct and report on the conclusions of basic experiments

 

With appropriate guidance:

 

PO 1. Plan an experiment

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PO 2. Design an experiment

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PO 3. Predict the results of an experiment

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hands-on
online

PO 4. Conduct an experiment and record data

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PO 5. Report, through various means, the conclusions of an experiment

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hands-on
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1SC-F2. Construct models (e.g., a volcano, a paper airplane, a solar system) that illustrate simple concepts and compare those models to what they represent

 

With appropriate guidance:

 

PO 1. Construct physical models (e.g., a volcano, a paper airplane, a solar system) illustrating simple concepts

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Compare a physical model to what it represents

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hands-on
online

1SC-F3. Identify and record changes and patterns of changes in a familiar system

 

PO 1. Describe changes and patterns of changes in a familiar system

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Record changes and patterns of changes in a familiar system

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hands-on
online

1SC-F4. Describe relationships among parts of a familiar system (e.g., a bicycle, a park, a clock)

 

PO 1. Identify parts of a familiar system

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PO 2. Explain the relationships among parts of a system

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Standard 2: History and Nature of Science

2SC-F1. Recognize that scientific contributions have been made by all kinds of people everywhere in the world

 

PO 1. Describe how people and cultures, past and present, have made important contributions to scientific knowledge

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2SC-F2. Understand that scientific inquiry has produced much knowledge about the world, that much is still unknown, and that some things will always be unknown

 

PO 1. Describe the results of scientific inquiry in the world (e.g., a timeline of inventions, progression from simple to mechanized tools, understanding weather patterns)

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Explain how inquiry develops into further exploration of the unknown

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hands-on
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2SC-F3. Understand that science involves asking and answering questions and comparing the results to what is already known

 

PO 1. Explain how asking and answering questions are part of the process of a scientific investigation

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PO 2. Compare prior knowledge to the results of a scientific investigation

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Standard 3: Personal and Social Perspectives in Science And Technology

3SC-F1. Identify occupations that require the application of science and technology

 

PO 1. Describe occupations that require the application of science and technology

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3SC-F2. Use scientific findings to propose and evaluate solutions to problems (e.g., water pollution, malnutrition, fire hazards)

 

PO 1. Identify a problem

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PO 2. Use scientific findings to develop solutions

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PO 3. Evaluate proposed solutions to the problem

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online

PO 4. Modify solutions to the problem, if necessary

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3SC-F3. Describe and explain the interrelationship of populations, resources and environments

 

PO 1. Describe populations, resources and environments (e.g., habitat, ecosystem, food chain)

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Explain interactions and interdependence among specific populations, resources and environments

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hands-on
online

3SC-F4. Identify and describe how technology contributes to solving problems

 

PO 1. Identify various technologies (e.g., zipper, paper clips, computers)

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PO 2. Describe how various technologies contribute to solving problems

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Standard 4: Life Science

4SC-F1. Describe and explain cause-and-effect relationships in living systems

 

PO 1. Identify cause-and-effect relationships in living systems

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Explain cause-and-effect relationships in living systems

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hands-on
online

4SC-F3. Identify the basic structures and functions of plants and animals

 

PO 1. Identify basic animal structures

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online

PO 2. Describe the functions of basic animal structures

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online

PO 3. Identify basic plant structures

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PO 4. Describe the functions of basic plant structures

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online

4SC-F4. Identify characteristics of plants and animals (including extinct organisms) that allow them to live in specific environments

 

PO 1. Identify adaptations of plants that allow them to live in specific environments

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Identify adaptations of animals that allow them to live in specific environments

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hands-on
online

4SC-F7. Explain the interaction of living and non-living components within ecosystems

 

PO 1. Identify living components within ecosystems

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Identify non-living components within ecosystems

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Describe the interaction among living and non-living components in an ecosystem

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hands-on
online


Standard 6: Earth And Space Science

6SC-F5. Identify major features of natural processes and forces that shape the earth’s surface, including weathering and volcanic activity

 

PO 1. Identify natural forces (e.g., water, ice, wind) that shape the earth’s surface

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Identify natural processes (e.g., weathering, erosion, global warming) that gradually shape the earth’s surface

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Identify natural processes (e.g., earthquake, floods, volcanic eruptions) that rapidly shape the earth’s surface

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hands-on
online

6SC-F6. Describe natural events and how humans are affected by them

 

PO 1. Identify natural events that affect humans

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Explain how natural events impact human life

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hands-on
online

6SC-F7. Measure and record changes in weather conditions

 

PO 1. Measure weather conditions (e.g., temperature, wind speed, rainfall)

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Record weather conditions

video
hands-on
online

PO 3. Interpret changes in weather conditions

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hands-on
online

6SC-F8. Describe how fossils provide evidence about the plants and animals that lived long ago and the nature of the environment at the time.

 

PO 1. Identify how fossils provide evidence about plants that lived long ago

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Identify how fossils provide evidence about animals that lived long ago

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Explain how fossils of plants and animals provide evidence about the nature of the environment at the time

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online


ESSENTIALS (Grades 4-8)

Standard 1: Science As Inquiry Students know and are able to do all of the above and the following

1SC-E1. Identify a question, formulate a hypothesis, control and manipulate variables, devise experiments, predict outcomes, compare and analyze results, and defend conclusions

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Distinguish between a question and a hypothesis

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PO 2. Describe the functions of variables in an investigation

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PO 3. Predict an outcome based on experimental data

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PO 4. Draw a conclusion based on a set of experimental data

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(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Design an experiment using a scientific method

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hands-on
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PO 2. Conduct an experiment using a scientific method

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Analyze the results of an experiment

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hands-on
online

PO 4. Defend conclusions drawn from the analysis

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hands-on
online

1SC-E2. Create a model (e.g., a computer simulation, a stream table) to predict change

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Design a model to illustrate a system

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Construct a model that demonstrates change within a system

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe variables that cause change

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hands-on
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PO 3. Explain cause and effect of variables within a system

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1SC-E3. Organize and present data gathered from their own experiences, using appropriate mathematical analyses and graphical representations

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Organize gathered data into an appropriate format

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hands-on
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PO 2. Construct a representation of data (e.g., bar graph, line graph, frequency table, Venn diagram)

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Construct a representation of data (e.g., histogram, stem-and-leaf plot, scatter plot, circle graph, flow chart)

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Interpret patterns in collected data

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hands-on
online

1SC-E4. Identify and refine questions from previous investigations

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Identify questions from previous investigations

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Refine questions from previous investigations

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online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Analyze the results of previous investigations

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Refine hypotheses from a previous investigation

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hands-on
online

1SC-E5. Analyze the processes, parts and subsystems of a bicycle, a clock or other mechanical or electrical device

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Identify the parts of a subsystem within a system

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe the functions of the parts of a subsystem

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hands-on
online

PO 3. State cause-and-effect relationships among components in mechanical or electrical devices

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Explain the interaction among parts within mechanical or electrical devices

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Analyze the processes that operate within a mechanical or electrical device

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hands-on
online

1SC-E6. Analyze scientific reports from magazines, television or other media

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Analyze the reliability of scientific information from a variety of sources

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Use evidence to support or refute a conclusion drawn from a scientific report

video
hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Evaluate information for accuracy, logic, bias and impact

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hands-on
online


Standard 2: History and Nature of Science

2SC-E1. Identify major milestones in science that have revolutionized the thinking of the time

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Describe major scientific contributions

video
hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Describe the effects of major scientific events on society

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe a recent scientific event that has impacted the quality of life

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hands-on
online

2SC-E2. Describe how science and technology are interrelated

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Describe how science has helped technology change over time

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe how technology has helped science change over time

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Describe a technological discovery that influences science

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe a scientific discovery that influences technology

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Determine scientific processes involved in a technological advancement

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hands-on
online

2SC-E3. Provide different explanations for a phenomenon; defend and refute the explanations

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Propose several possible explanations for a scientific phenomenon

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Provide evidence to defend an explanation for a scientific phenomenon

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Provide evidence to refute an explanation for a scientific phenomenon

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Analyze different theories to explain a phenomenon

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Defend or refute the explanation of a phenomenon

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hands-on
online

2SC-E4. Identify characteristics of scientific ways of thinking

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Describe a variety of ways scientists generate ideas

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Describe the following scientific processes: observing, communicating, comparing, organizing, relating, inferring and applying

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hands-on
online

2SC-E5. Explain how scientific theory, hypothesis generation and experimentation are interrelated

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Explain the role of a hypothesis in scientific inquiry

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Explain the role of experimentation in scientific inquiry

video
hands-on
online

PO 3. Describe how a scientific theory can be developed and modified

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Describe the relationship between theory and hypotheses

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe how experimental procedures can be formulated to test a hypothesis

video
hands-on
online

PO 3. Explain how experimental results may affect a hypothesis and a theory

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hands-on
online

2SC-E6. Demonstrate how Science is an ongoing process of gathering and evaluating information, assessing evidence for and against theories and hypotheses, looking for patterns, and then devising and testing possible explanations.

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Explain how a scientific theory has changed over time

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Explain how a hypothesis has changed over time

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Compare and contrast the evidence of a hypothesis

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Compare and contrast the evidence of a theory

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Analyze a hypothesis

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PO 4. Analyze a theory

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hands-on
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Standard 3: Personal and Social Perspectives in Science And Technology

3SC-E1. Recognize how scientific knowledge, thinking processes and skills are used in a great variety of careers

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Explain how scientific knowledge and skills are integral to a variety of careers

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Explain how scientific knowledge, thinking processes and skills are used to solve problems in a variety of careers

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hands-on
online

3SC-E3. Identify a specific need and propose a solution or product that addresses this need, taking into consideration various factors

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Identify a human or environmental need

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe the various factors affecting the need

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Propose a solution or product that addresses the need

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Design a solution or product that addresses a need and considers the factors of an environmental or human problem

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hands-on
online

3SC-E4. Implement a proposed solution or design and evaluate its merit

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Evaluate the possible strengths and weaknesses of a given solution to a problem

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Apply a proposed solution to a problem

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Evaluate the merit of a proposed solution

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hands-on
online


Standard 4: Life Science

4SC-E1. Construct classification systems based on the structure of organisms

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Construct a simple classification system based on physical characteristics

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Arrange several organisms into a classification system

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Describe how organisms are classified

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hands-on
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PO 2. Construct classification systems for grouping organisms

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Identify organisms based on existing classification systems

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hands-on
online

4SC-E5. Describe changes or constancy in groups of organisms over geologic time

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Describe how organisms have changed over time

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Cite examples of organisms which have remained relatively constant

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hands-on
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(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Describe organism adaptations or constancy over geologic time

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Identify environmental factors that may determine adaptations or constancy of an organism over geologic time

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hands-on
online

4SC-E7. Explain and model the interaction and interdependence of living and non-living components within ecosystems, including the adaptation of plants and animals to their environment

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Describe the components of an ecosystem

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe how living and non-living components interact within an ecosystem

video
hands-on
online

PO 3. Describe how living and non-living components are interdependent within an ecosystem

video
hands-on
online

PO 4. Explain how plant species adapt to their environment

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Explain the role of living/non-living components in an ecosystem

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Create a model of the interaction of living/non-living components within an ecosystem

video
hands-on
online


Standard 5: Physical Science

5SC-E3. Show that energy exists in many forms and can be transferred in many ways

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Identify various types of energy sources

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe how energy is transferred

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(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Define the law of conservation of energy

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PO 2. Describe how energy is a property of a substance

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PO 3. Explain ways in which energy is transferred

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Standard 6: Earth And Space Science

6SC-E4. Provide evidence of how life and environmental conditions have changed

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Describe how life has changed over time (geologic and recent)

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe how environmental conditions have changed over time (geologic and recent)

video
hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Compare and contrast the life and environmental conditions within geological time periods

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hands-on
online

6SC-E5. Explain how earth processes seen today, including erosion, movement of lithospheric plates, and changes in atmospheric composition, are similar to those that occurred in the past

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Identify earth processes

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hands-on
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PO 2. Compare the processes which affect the earth today with those that occurred in the past

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Interpret evidence that erosion, plate movement and changes in atmospheric composition as seen today also occurred in the past

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hands-on
online

6SC-E10. Explain how technology has impacted both earth and space science

 

(Grades 4-5)

 

PO 1. Explain the impact of technology on earth science

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Explain the impact of technology on space science

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hands-on
online

(Grades 6-8)

 

PO 1. Describe some technological advances that have impacted both earth and space science

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hands-on
online


PROFICIENCY - (Grades 9-12)

Standard 1: Science As Inquiry Students know and are able to do all of the above and the following

1SC-P1. Propose solutions to practical and theoretical problems by synthesizing and evaluating information gained from scientific investigations

 

PO 1. Evaluate scientific information for relevance to a given problem

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Propose solutions to a problem, based on information gained from scientific investigations

video
hands-on
online

1SC-P2. Compare observations of the real world to observations of a constructed model (e.g., an aquarium, a terrarium, a volcano)

 

PO 1. Assess the capability of a model to represent a "real world" scenario

video
hands-on
online

1SC-P3. Analyze and evaluate reports of scientific studies

 

PO 1. Analyze reports of scientific studies for elements of experimental design

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Compare conclusions to original hypotheses

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Evaluate validity of conclusions

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hands-on
online

1SC-P4. Create and defend a written plan of action for a scientific investigation

 

PO 1. Design an appropriate protocol (written plan of action) for the investigation of a scientific problem

video
hands-on
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PO 2. Justify the protocol in terms of the elements of experimental design

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hands-on
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1SC-P5. Apply the concepts of equilibrium, form and function to a variety of phenomena

 

PO 1. Predict the effects of various factors on the equilibrium of a system

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hands-on
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PO 2. Explain how the relationships between form and function are evident in natural and designed systems

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Describe how present form and function of an object, organism or system could have evolved from prior form and function

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hands-on
online

1SC-P6. Identify and refine a researchable question, conduct the experiment, collect and analyze data, share and discuss findings

 

PO 1. Construct a researchable question

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hands-on
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PO 2. Employ a research design that incorporates a scientific method to carry out an experiment

video
hands-on
online

PO 3. Analyze experimental data

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hands-on
online

PO 4. Communicate experimental findings to others

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hands-on
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Standard 2: History and Nature of Science

2SC-P1. Identify and describe key factors (e.g., technology, competitiveness, world events, personalities, societal views) that affect the development and acceptance of scientific thought

 

PO 1. Define key factors that affect the development of scientific thought

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe how different key factors affect the development and acceptance of scientific thought

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hands-on
online

2SC-P2. Explain how scientific innovations can challenge accepted ideas

 

PO 1. Describe how an accepted idea could be challenged by scientific innovation

video
hands-on
online

2SC-P3. Explain the impact on society of major scientific developments (e.g., germ theory, molecular biology, relativity)

 

PO 1. Describe the benefits, limitations, and consequences of major scientific developments in pure and applied science

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Explain how major scientific developments in pure and applied science have affected, or could affect, society

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hands-on
online

2SC-P4. Trace the development and consequences of an invention, theory or discovery to demonstrate the dynamic nature of science

 

PO 1. Trace the development of a selected invention, theory or discovery from its inception to modern day

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Explain the progression of changes in the invention, theory or discovery

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hands-on
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PO 3. Describe the impact of the invention, theory or discovery on further scientific thought

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hands-on
online

2SC-P5. Explain how theory, law and fact are developed in science to answer a specific question

 

PO 1. Define theory, law and fact

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hands-on
online

PO 2. Describe the relationships among theories, laws and facts

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hands-on
online

PO 3. Explain how theories, laws and facts are used to answer specific questions

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hands-on
online

2SC-P6. Analyze evidence that supports past and current scientific theories about a specific topic

 

PO 1. Distinguish between evidence which supports a given scientific theory (e.g., model of the atom, plate tectonics, natural selection) and evidence which does not support the theory

video
hands-on
online


Standard 3: Personal and Social Perspectives in Science And Technology

3SC-P1. Apply scientific thought processes and procedures to personal and social issues

 

PO 1. Apply scientific thought processes of skepticism, empiricism, objectivity and logic to seek a solution to personal and social issues

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Apply a scientific method to the solution of personal and social issues

video
hands-on
online

3SC-P2. Propose and test, using computer software or common materials, a solution to an existing problem; or design a product to meet a need, using a model or simulation

 

PO 1. Describe a problem or need

video
hands-on
online

PO 2. Propose a solution to the problem or design a product to meet the need

video
hands-on
online

PO 3. Design a method of testing the solution or design a model or simulation to test the product

video
hands-on
online

PO 4. Carry out the test of the solution or product

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hands-on
online

PO 5. Evaluate the test results

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3SC-P3. Compare and contrast the goals of science and technology

 

PO 1. Define the goals of science and the goals of technology

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PO 2. Compare the goals of science and the goals of technology

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PO 3. Describe the impact of technology on the life, physical, earth and space sciences

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3SC-P4. Identify and describe the basic processes of the natural ecosystems and how these processes affect, and are affected by, humans

 

PO 1. Describe the basic processes of the natural ecosystems (e.g., water cycle, nutrient cycles)

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PO 2. Explain how these processes affect, and are affected by, humans

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3SC-P5. Describe and explain factors that affect population size and growth (e.g., birth and death rates, quality of environment, disease, education)

 

PO 1. Describe biotic and abiotic factors that affect populations

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PO 2. Predict the effect of a change in a specific factor on a population

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Standard 4: Life Science

4SC-P1. Use and construct a variety of classification systems, including evolutionary relationships.

 

PO 1. Employ classification systems to identify organisms

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PO 2. Create classification systems to identify organisms

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PO 3. Use a biological classification scheme to infer and discuss the degree of divergence of various species from prior organisms

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4SC-P3. Describe the basic cellular processes of photosynthesis, respiration, protein synthesis and cell division

 

PO 1. Differentiate between the processes of photosynthesis and respiration in terms of energy flow, reactants and products

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4SC-P4. Describe and explain the cycling of matter and the flow of energy through the ecosystem’s living and non-living components

 

PO 1. Explain the relationships among abiotic and biotic components of an ecosystem in terms of energy flow and the cycling of matter

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4SC-P6. Describe and explain how the environment can affect the number of species and the diversity of species in an environment

 

PO 1. Explain how the adaptations of various species are related to their success in an ecosystem

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PO 2. Explain why genetic variation within a population can impact the success of a species subjected to new environmental conditions

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PO 3. Predict how a change in an environmental factor can affect the
number of organisms in a population

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PO 4. Predict how a change in an environmental factor can affect the biodiversity in an ecosystem

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4SC-P7. Describe the role of the systems (e.g., nervous, digestive, respiratory) that regulate the behaviors of multi-celled organisms

 

PO 1. Describe the physiological relationship of the systems and their function in homeostasis

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PO 2. Describe an organism’s behavioral responses to internal and external stimuli

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PO 3. Compare the selective advantage of several behavioral responses

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4SC-P8. Explain how evolution provides a scientific explanation for the fossil record of ancient life forms, as well as for the striking molecular similarities observed among the diverse species of living organisms.

 

PO 1. Using fossil records, trace the changes in number and type of organisms over time

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PO 2. Compare the fossil record of one ancient organism to the modern form of that organism (e.g. ammonite to nautilus, eohippus to horse) identifying molecular and/or structural similarities

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4SC-P9. Use scientific evidence to demonstrate that descent from common ancestors produced today’s diversity of organisms over more than 3.5 billion years of evolution.

 

PO 1. Using scientific evidence, (e.g., the fossil record, homologous structures, embryological development or biochemical similarities) illustrate that descent from common ancestors produced today’s diversity of organisms

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4SC-P10. Demonstrate an understanding of the theory of evolution by natural selection as a consequence of (1) the potential for a species to increase its numbers, (2) the genetic variability of offspring due to mutation and recombination of genes, (3) a finite supply of the resources required for life, and (4) the ensuing selection by the environment of those offspring better able to survive and leave offspring

 

PO 1. Identify the components of natural selection

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PO 2. Predict the success or failure of a population of organisms over time when exposed to changing environmental factors

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PO 3. Predict the success or failure of a population of organisms over time based on the genetic variability of offspring and ability to reproduce

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Standard 5: Physical Science

5SC-P6. Describe and explain physical interactions of matter and energy, using conceptual models (e.g., particle model for gaseous behavior)

 

PO 1. Demonstrate the use of conceptual models in science (e.g., formulae, diagrams, graphs)

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PO 2. Describe physical interactions of matter and energy (e.g., phasechange, gas laws, momentum conservation)

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PO 3. Justify the validity of known conceptual models applied to physical phenomena

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Standard 6: Earth And Space Science

6SC-P3. Use the theory of plate tectonics to explain relationships among earthquakes, volcanoes, mid-oceanic ridges and deep sea trenches

 

PO 1. Describe the relationship between the earth’s internal heat and plate tectonics

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PO 2. Describe the relationships among earthquakes, volcanoes, mid-oceanic ridges, deep sea trenches and tectonic plates

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6SC-P4. Use evidence (e.g., fossils, rock layers, ice cores, radiometric dating) to investigate how earth has changed or remained constant over short and long periods of time

 

PO 1. Provide evidence for changes in earth’s geologic history, using data from relative age-dating techniques

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PO 2. Provide evidence for changes in earth’s geologic history, using data from absolute age-dating techniques

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PO 3. Describe changes or relative constancy in earth’s geologic history, using evidence gained through geologic dating techniques

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DISTINCTION (Honors)

Standard 1: Science As Inquiry Students know and are able to do all of the above and the following

1SC-D3. Interview science professionals (e.g., scientists, philosophers of science) to understand how they view science and formally report results to peers, teachers and others

 


Standard 2: History and Nature of Science

2SC-D1. Conduct a detailed case study of the societal response to a major scientific finding or theory (e.g., theories of Einstein, Galileo, Copernicus)

 


Standard 3: Personal and Social Perspectives in Science And Technology

3SC-D1. Explore the scientific and technological aspects of contemporary problems; analyze and evaluate proposed solutions

 


Standard 4: Life Science

4SC-D2. Explain the role of exposure to certain factors (e.g., sunlight, ozone, nitrates) that may increase the rate of mutation, the incidence of cancer and other diseases, or the opportunities for other adaptations